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Brick Repair Made Simple: Answers to Your Most Frequent Questions

Posted by James on December 6, 2022

From common to not-so-common, we’ve got you covered. Need help fixing your bricks? We’re here!

There’s a reason why late night home improvement shows are so popular – repairing and renovating our homes is something that we all aspire to do. And while some jobs are bigger than others, there’s one thing that almost every homeowner will have to deal with at some point: brick repair. Whether it’s a small flake or a large section of damage, fixing bricks can seem daunting. But don’t worry, we’re here to help! This blog post will answer some common questions about brick repair, from the types of damage that can occur to the best way to fix them. So whether you’re a DIY novice or an experienced pro, read on for everything you need to know about repairing your bricks!

How do I repair Cracking or crumbling bricks?

If a brick home is experiencing cracking or crumbling bricks, the first step is to identify the cause of the problem. This may be due to factors such as age, weathering, or underlying structural issues. Once the cause has been determined, the appropriate repair method can be chosen.

One option for repairing cracked or crumbling bricks is to remove and replace the damaged bricks. This involves carefully chiseling out the damaged bricks and using a trowel to apply new mortar to the area. The new bricks can then be carefully placed and aligned, and the mortar can be smoothed to match the surrounding bricks.

Another option for repairing damaged bricks is to inject a grout or epoxy material into the cracks to fill and stabilize them. This method is less invasive and can be a good option for bricks that are only slightly damaged.

In either case, it is important to make sure the repair is done carefully and correctly to ensure the stability and longevity of the brickwork. If the damage is extensive, or if the cause of the damage is not addressed, the bricks may continue to deteriorate and further repairs may be necessary. It may be best to consult a professional bricklayer or contractor for more complex repairs.

What are some different types of Bricks?

there are many different types of brick that are used in construction and other applications. Some common types of brick include clay bricks, concrete bricks, and shale bricks. Clay bricks are made from natural clay and are fired in a kiln, resulting in a durable and long-lasting building material. Concrete bricks are made from a mixture of cement, sand, and aggregate, and are typically less expensive and more widely available than clay bricks. Shale bricks are made from a fine-grained sedimentary rock and are known for their durability and resistance to weathering.

In addition to these main types of brick, there are also many variations and different styles of brick, such as glazed bricks, fire bricks, and engineering bricks. The type of brick that is used in a particular project will depend on factors such as the desired appearance, the location and climate, and the specific building or design requirements.

What are Glazed Bricks?

Glazed bricks are a type of brick that has been coated with a layer of glass-like material, which gives the bricks a glossy, shiny appearance. This coating is applied to the bricks after they have been fired in a kiln, and can be applied in a variety of colors and styles to achieve a desired aesthetic effect. Glazed bricks are commonly used in decorative applications, such as on the exterior of buildings or as a decorative feature in interior design.

In addition to their aesthetic appeal, glazed bricks also have some practical advantages. The glaze on the bricks makes them more resistant to water and weathering, which can help to extend the lifespan of the bricks and protect the underlying structure of the building. The glaze can also make the bricks more resistant to stains and other types of damage, which can help to keep the building looking clean and attractive over time.

Overall, glazed bricks are a versatile and attractive building material that can add beauty and durability to a wide range of construction projects.

What are Fire Bricks?

Fire bricks are a type of brick that is specifically designed to withstand high temperatures. These bricks are made from refractory ceramic materials, such as fire clay, which are able to withstand temperatures of up to 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit without melting or breaking down.

Fire bricks are commonly used in applications where the brickwork will be exposed to high temperatures, such as in fireplace linings, wood-fired ovens, and furnace linings. They are also used in the construction of fireplaces, wood stoves, and other heating appliances, as well as in industrial settings such as kilns and furnaces.

In addition to their high temperature resistance, fire bricks are also known for their durability and strength. They are able to withstand the constant expansion and contraction that occurs with changes in temperature, and are also resistant to wear and tear from daily use. This makes them an ideal choice for applications where the brickwork will be subjected to extreme conditions.

What bricks are best for cold climates?

In general, bricks that are dense and solid are best for cold climates, as they are less likely to be damaged by freezing temperatures. Clay bricks, which are fired at high temperatures, are a good option for cold climates, as the firing process makes the bricks more dense and less porous, which helps to prevent moisture from entering the bricks and causing damage. Concrete bricks, which are made from a mixture of cement, sand, and aggregate, are also a good choice for cold climates, as they are dense and less porous than other types of brick.

In addition to choosing the right type of brick, it is also important to ensure that the bricks are installed properly in cold climates. This includes using a thick, weather-resistant mortar to fill the joints between the bricks, and applying a waterproof coating to the bricks to help protect them from freezing temperatures and moisture. Proper maintenance, such as regular cleaning and sealing, can also help to extend the lifespan of the brickwork in cold climates.

Are cinder blocks considered a type of brick?

Cinder blocks, also known as concrete blocks or breeze blocks, are not considered a type of brick. While cinder blocks and bricks are both commonly used as building materials, they are made from different materials and have different characteristics.

Bricks are made from fired clay, while cinder blocks are made from concrete and aggregate. Bricks are typically more porous and less dense than cinder blocks, and are known for their durability and aesthetic appeal. Cinder blocks, on the other hand, are known for their strength and versatility, and are commonly used in the construction of walls, foundations, and other structural elements.

Overall, while cinder blocks and bricks may share some similarities, they are different materials with different properties and uses.

What can you patch brick with?

There are several different materials that can be used to patch brick, depending on the specific type of repair that is needed. Some common options for patching brick include the following:

Mortar: Mortar is a mixture of sand, cement, and water that is commonly used to hold bricks together in construction. If a brick needs to be patched or repaired, new mortar can be mixed and used to fill in any gaps or cracks in the brickwork.
Grout: Grout is a type of material that is used to fill in the joints between bricks. It is similar to mortar, but is typically more porous and less dense. Grout can be used to patch small holes or gaps in the brickwork, and can be applied using a grout bag or a trowel.
Epoxy: Epoxy is a strong, durable adhesive that can be used to patch bricks. It is applied as a liquid and hardens to form a solid, waterproof seal. Epoxy can be a good choice for patching larger holes or cracks in the brickwork, and is also useful for attaching loose bricks or reinforcing the bonds between bricks.

Overall, the best material to use for patching brick will depend on the specific repair that is needed. It is often best to consult a professional bricklayer or contractor for advice on the most appropriate repair method.

Can crumbling bricks be repaired?

Yes, crumbling bricks can be repaired in most cases. The exact repair method will depend on the extent of the damage and the underlying cause of the crumbling.

If the damage is minor and only affects a small area of the brickwork, it may be possible to repair the bricks by filling in the gaps and cracks with new mortar. This involves carefully chiseling out any loose or crumbling brick, and then using a trowel to apply new mortar to the area. The new mortar should be smoothed and shaped to match the surrounding brickwork, and the bricks should be aligned to ensure a neat and even appearance.

If the damage is more extensive, or if the underlying cause of the crumbling is not addressed, it may be necessary to remove and replace the affected bricks. This involves carefully chiseling out the damaged bricks, and then using a trowel to apply new mortar to the area. The new bricks can then be carefully placed and aligned, and the mortar can be smoothed to match the surrounding brickwork.

In either case, it is important to make sure the repair is done carefully and correctly to ensure the stability and longevity of the brickwork. If the damage is severe, or if the cause of the damage is not addressed, the bricks may continue to crumble and further repairs may be necessary. It may be best to consult a professional bricklayer or contractor for more complex repairs.

Can you repair brick with cement?

Yes, it is possible to repair brick using cement. Cement is a type of binding material that can be used to fill gaps, cracks, and other types of damage in brickwork. To repair brick using cement, the first step is to clean the area and remove any loose or crumbling brick. Once the area is clean, a mixture of cement and water can be applied to the damage using a trowel or putty knife. The cement should be smoothed and shaped to match the surrounding brickwork, and allowed to dry completely before the area is used or exposed to moisture.

It is important to note that cement is not as strong or durable as mortar, which is specifically designed for use in brick construction. While cement can be used to repair minor damage in brickwork, it may not be suitable for more extensive repairs or for structural applications. In these cases, it may be best to use mortar instead, or to consult a professional bricklayer or contractor for advice on the best repair method.

Which mortar is best for brick repair?

The best mortar to use for brick repair will depend on the specific type of repair that is needed and the underlying cause of the damage. In general, however, it is best to use a high-quality, weather-resistant mortar that is specifically designed for use in brick construction.

One option for brick repair is to use a type of mortar called Type N. This mortar is commonly used for general-purpose brick construction and repair, and is suitable for use in most climates. It is a strong, durable mortar that is able to withstand the expansion and contraction that occurs with changes in temperature and moisture levels.

Another option for brick repair is to use a type of mortar called Type S. This mortar is specifically designed for use in areas with freezing temperatures, and is able to withstand the expansion and contraction that occurs when water freezes and thaws. It is a good choice for brick repair in colder climates, or for applications where the brickwork is likely to be exposed to freezing temperatures.

Overall, it is important to choose the right type of mortar for the specific repair that is needed, and to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when mixing and applying the mortar. This will help to ensure the stability and longevity of the repaired brickwork.

What are some different types of mortar?

There are several different types of mortar that are used in construction and other applications. Some common types of mortar include the following:

Type N mortar: This is a general-purpose mortar that is suitable for use in most climates and applications. It is a strong and durable mortar that is commonly used in brick construction and repair.
Type S mortar: This is a type of mortar that is specifically designed for use in areas with freezing temperatures. It is able to withstand the expansion and contraction that occurs when water freezes and thaws, and is commonly used in brickwork in colder climates.
Type M mortar: This is a high-strength mortar that is suitable for use in structural applications and in areas with high loads or stresses. It is a versatile mortar that can be used for a wide range of construction projects, and is known for its strength and durability.
Lime mortar: This is a type of mortar that is made from lime and sand, and is commonly used in older buildings and in historic restoration projects. Lime mortar is highly porous and allows moisture to evaporate, which can help to prevent damage to the underlying brickwork.
Repair mortar: This is a specialized type of mortar that is designed for use in brick repair and restoration. It is available in a range of colors and textures, and can be matched to the existing brickwork to provide a seamless repair.

Overall, the type of mortar that is best for a particular project will depend on the specific requirements and conditions. It is important to choose the right type of mortar for the job, and to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when mixing and applying the mortar.

What is Type O mortar?

Type O mortar is a type of mortar that is specifically designed for use in areas with very low compressive strength requirements. It is a low-strength mortar that is typically used in non-structural applications, such as bedding bricks or tiles, or in areas where the brickwork will not be subject to heavy loads or stresses.

Type O mortar is made from a mixture of lime, sand, and water, and is known for its low strength and high porosity. This allows moisture to evaporate from the mortar, which can help to prevent damage to the underlying brickwork. However, the low strength of Type O mortar also means that it is not suitable for use in structural applications, or in areas where the brickwork will be subjected to heavy loads or stresses.

In general, Type O mortar is not commonly used in modern construction, as there are typically more suitable options available. However, it may be used in some specialized applications, such as in historic restoration projects or in areas with very low compressive strength requirements.

What mortars are similar to Type O Mortar?

There are several types of mortar that are similar to Type O mortar, in that they are low-strength mortars that are suitable for use in non-structural applications. Some common examples of these types of mortar include the following:

Lime mortar: This is a type of mortar that is made from lime and sand, and is known for its low strength and high porosity. Lime mortar is commonly used in older buildings and in historic restoration projects, and is able to allow moisture to evaporate, which can help to prevent damage to the underlying brickwork.
Type N mortar: This is a general-purpose mortar that is suitable for use in most climates and applications. It is a strong and durable mortar that is commonly used in brick construction and repair, but is not as strong as other types of mortar, such as Type M or Type S.
Repair mortar: This is a specialized type of mortar that is designed for use in brick repair and restoration. It is available in a range of colors and textures, and can be matched to the existing brickwork to provide a seamless repair. It is typically not as strong as other types of mortar, but is suitable for non-structural applications.

Overall, the type of mortar that is most similar to Type O mortar will depend on the specific requirements and conditions of the project. It is important to choose the right type of mortar for the job, and to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when mixing and applying the mortar.

Frequently Asked Questions About Brick Repair

1. What are the common signs that my bricks need repairing? Common signs include cracking, crumbling, or flaking bricks, noticeable gaps in mortar, and white salt deposits known as efflorescence. These signs indicate that your brickwork may be suffering from weathering, moisture infiltration, or structural issues.

2. Can I repair cracked bricks myself, or should I hire a professional? Minor cracks and small repairs can often be handled DIY with the right materials, such as caulk or sealant for small cracks. However, for extensive damage, deteriorating mortar, or structural concerns, it’s advisable to hire a professional mason to ensure the repairs are thorough and structurally sound.

3. What materials are needed for DIY brick repair? For basic repairs, you will need replacement bricks that match the existing ones, mortar mix, a chisel, a hammer, a trowel, and safety gear like gloves and goggles. For filling small cracks, masonry caulk or sealant may be sufficient.

4. How do I choose the right mortar for repairing my brickwork? The choice of mortar depends on the type of brick and the specific repair. For most residential brick repairs, Type N mortar is suitable as it offers a good balance of strength and flexibility. In areas with severe weather conditions, Type S might be necessary due to its higher bond strength and resistance to water penetration.

5. What is the best way to prevent future damage to brick structures? Regular maintenance is key. This includes cleaning the bricks, repointing deteriorating mortar, sealing the bricks to prevent moisture absorption, and fixing any leaks or moisture issues around the brickwork promptly. Additionally, ensure that any foliage or vines are kept away from brick surfaces as they can retain moisture and contribute to brick deterioration.

6. Are there any environmentally friendly options for repairing bricks? Yes, there are eco-friendly alternatives such as lime-based mortars, which are less energy-intensive to produce compared to traditional cement mortars. These materials are breathable and can accommodate the slight movements of historical structures without causing further damage. Additionally, using reclaimed or recycled bricks can reduce the environmental impact associated with new brick production.

The Ultimate Guide to Brick and Concrete Repairs

Posted by James on December 5, 2022

Like every other material, brick and concrete start to require repair over time. Depending on the environment and usage of your masonry, these repairs might become more prominent, leading to significant damage. Homeowners with masonry on their property need to know the basics of brick and concrete repairs. While you don’t need to make the repairs yourself (though you can in some cases), it’s crucial to understand when bricks need repair, what the process entails, and how much it will cost.

Can Broken Bricks Be Repaired? How?

The good news is that you can repair broken bricks. You don’t have to write off the whole structure because of a few damaged bricks. In fact, we’ll even tell you how to complete a basic brick repair. But before you get out your chisel and mortar, there’s more you should know. You need to figure out some things first, like how bad the damage is, what’s causing the damage, and if you can repair it yourself.

How Bad is the Brick?

First, find out if you’re looking at a simple solution or if your brick needs more work. Isolated cracks or chips that are only on a few bricks can be fixed pretty easily. You can probably repair the structure with a few replacement bricks. However, some structures might require a lot more work. If your structure is load-bearing or has more than a few bricks that need to be replaced, you should consider hiring a professional. It’s better to get help from an expert than risk hurting yourself or damaging the structure. Here are some common causes of brick damage that go beyond standard wear-and-tear.

Underlying expansion or contraction

Different bricks and types of mortar can have different expansion or contraction rates. If you have multiple types of materials with conflicting expansion rates, that can lead to cracking or structural instability.

Salt damage

People that live in cold areas probably use salt in the winter to keep their sidewalks and driveways safe. However, that same salt can damage brickwork. Salt damage can erode bricks and concrete, usually leaving behind white marks on the masonry.

Water damage

Water damage is another common cause of brick deterioration. Regular water running over brick or concrete can slowly erode the material, eating away at masonry. Typically, water damage on masonry looks like the bricks have been half-dissolved.

Foundation movement

A settling foundation can cause a lot of damage to homes and buildings. To see if a moving foundation is the reason for your broken bricks, check for a staircase-like crack coming from the base of the structure. If you find one, call a professional, as the stability of the structure might be compromised.

Grade level changes

The grade level of brick is supposed to be a foot above ground level in most areas. However, some home projects, like adding a deck, stairs, or soil, can change the grade level. Bricks trapped near ground level are likely absorbing water, leading to erosion and brick damage.

How to Complete a Minor Brick Repair

If your bricks don’t fall into the above categories, you might be able to make your repairs yourself. As long as you’re only replacing a few bricks with minor damage, you can probably get the project done without hiring a professional. However, if you’re not comfortable with masonry or DIY projects like this, it’s better to reach out and ask for help than risk injuring yourself or damaging your structure.

Removing and Replacing a Brick

What You Need

A replacement brick that matches your other bricks in makeup and appearance
Mortar mix
A mortar mix pigment if you need to match it to the rest of the structure
Cold chisel
Hammer
Wire brush
If you have one, a power drill can make the process easier.
Pointing trowel
Joint strike tool
Eye protection
Leather work gloves

Removing the Brick

First, you have to remove the brick. Make sure you have on your eye protection and leather gloves to protect yourself from possible injuries. If you’re worried about dust, you can also wear a basic face mask to keep from breathing in debris. Start with the cold chisel and a heavy hammer. Break the brick into pieces to remove it, but be careful not to damage any of the other bricks. If you’re removing multiple bricks, start with the top one and move down. Once you’ve removed all the old brick pieces, chisel out the old mortar. Try to make it as clean as possible. When all the old mortar is gone, clean the joints of any that’s left with a wire brush. Use a vacuum to clear out the entire opening, then rinse it with water. Now, you can put in your new brick.

Replacing the Brick

Mix your mortar along with pigment if you need it. Take your pointing trowel and put mortar on the bottom and sides of the brick opening. You want to have about one inch of mortar. Slightly wet your new brick to absorb the mortar better, and then apply mortar to the brick’s top and sides. Slide it into the opening, and don’t worry. Mortar’s supposed to ooze out. Tap the brick into place until it’s flush with the rest of the bricks. If you need it, apply more mortar with the pointing trowel. The mortar should be full to the face of the brick. Then, you can tool the mortar joints with the joint strike tool to ensure they match with the adjacent mortar joints. When the mortar is almost dry, use the wire brush and clear away the excess mortar. Finally, one of the most important steps is to make sure the new brick stays moist to help it cure. Spray the whole repair with water after finishing with the mortar. For the next three days, make sure the brick remains moisturized. Some people cover the repair with a plastic sheet to help it retain moisture, though you don’t have to do this.

Fixing Loose Mortar Joints

Loose mortar joints can let moisture into your interior walls and the surrounding mortar. That’s why it’s so important to make sure all the mortar joints in your brickwork are fixed with a process called tuckpoint.

What You Need

Mortar mix
Mortar mix pigment if you need to match to the existing brickwork
Cold chisel
Heavy hammer
Sharp, small trowel
Scrub brush
Eye protection
Leather work gloves

How to Tuckpoint?

With your eye protection and leather gloves on, use the cold chisel and hammer to remove the old mortar. Cut at least a half-inch into the crumbling joint and remove all loose mortar. Then, rinse the joints with fairly strong water pressure to make sure you got all the loose mortar and dust out. Mix the new mortar, but before applying it to the mortar joint, wet the joint again. Use your trowel to fill the joints with mortar and pack it in tightly. You don’t want any air holes or gaps. Like with the brick replacement, you need to keep the mortar moist for the next few days. Mist it regularly to ensure it cures properly, and when it’s completely dry, use the wire brush to remove excess mortar.

2. How Much Does Brick Repair Cost in Canada?

There’s no shame in hiring a professional! When it comes to masonry and construction projects, it’s always better to be safe than sorry. If you aren’t comfortable completing projects yourself or your bricks are significantly damaged, do some research and find qualified experts in your area. If you’re wondering how much money you might end up spending, you’re not the only one. The cost is a top concern for anyone looking to hire a professional. However, the cost can vary significantly depending on the severity of the damage, how much needs to be repaired, the type of work being completed, and your location. According to Reno Assistance, the average rate for masonry work in Canada is about $120 an hour. Home Advisor reports that brick repair in America can range between 710 and 2,287 USD, about $885 and $2,853 in Canadian dollars. Of course, those numbers include everything from minor brick repairs to restorations. If you want to hire a professional for brickwork, you’ll have to look at your local masons. Find someone that you can trust to complete the work and ask for a quote. To get the best idea of how much something will cost, try to get quotes from a few different people.

3. Brick Repair vs. Brick Restoration – What’s The Difference?

If you’re looking into brick repair yourself, you’ve probably seen the word restoration somewhere. But what’s the difference between the two?

Brick Repair

Brick repair is a much more functional project, taking damaged sections and replacing them with new materials. These projects patch and plug gaps and cracks or remove and replace outdated materials that may have lost their structural integrity. The purpose of repairs is to take existing masonry and get them in good condition.

Brick Restoration

Restoration, on the other hand, is a more intensive project. While it might include similar work to repairs, the purpose of restoration is to bring the masonry back to its original look. For structures from older eras, restoration uses period-appropriate materials to ensure the brickwork remains standing and matches the rest of the structure. This often involves removing old masonry, replacing it, and refinishing it. While repairs often focus on a specific area or piece of masonry, restoration is usually for an entire building. Improving a building’s structural integrity requires a lot more work than a few repairs.

The Difference

If you’re trying to figure out if you need repairs or restoration, remember that repairs fix while restoration replaces. Though repairs might involve replacing bricks or concrete, and restoration often involves repairs, the overall purposes of the projects differ. Repairs are focused on small fixes, and restoration is for overall improvement.

4. What are the Types of Brickwork?

To figure out what type of repairs your masonry needs, you also need to know the type of brickwork you have. There are two different categories, one of which has three classes. The first is brickwork in mud. This is the most basic and cheapest type of masonry, where bricks are joined together with mud. Typically, people in North America don’t use brickwork in mud for anything more complex than short walls. The second category is brickwork in cement, which uses cement to join the bricks together. There are three classes of brickwork in cement, each defined by the type of bricks and the purpose of the brickwork.

First-class brickwork uses cement of lime mortar and bricks with sharp surfaces and edges. These bricks should be regular in shape, made of completely burnt good earth, and a deep cherry red or copper color.
Second-class brickwork uses ground-molded bricks, which have a rough and irregular shape. They’re usually burnt in kilns, and they offer great durability and strength.
Third-class brickwork is made with poor quality bricks that are rough with unfair edges. They’re ground-molded and burnt in clamps and are typically unusable for areas that experience lots of rain.

You likely have first-class brickwork, as this is the best option for permanent structures. First-class bricks are the strongest and most durable type of brick, though the other classes have their uses.

Final Thoughts

Brick and concrete repairs seem like they’d be complex, but they’re not as difficult as they look. With the right tools and a good understanding of how to fix bricks, you can easily make some basic repairs yourself. If you need a professional’s help, make sure to find someone with good reviews that asks for a fair price. While you might be able to do some repairs yourself, don’t risk injury or damage. Hire a professional if you don’t feel comfortable making the repairs or if they require a lot of work.

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. Can I repair broken bricks myself? Yes, minor brick repairs can often be done by yourself, especially if the damage involves only a few bricks with isolated cracks or chips. You’ll need basic tools like a chisel, hammer, mortar mix, and replacement bricks that match the existing ones. However, for extensive damage or structural issues, it’s advisable to hire a professional.

2. What are the common causes of brick damage? Brick damage can be caused by several factors, including water erosion, salt damage from deicing, expansion or contraction due to temperature changes, and structural issues like foundation movement. Identifying the cause of the damage is crucial before attempting repairs.

3. How do I replace a damaged brick? To replace a damaged brick, you’ll need to remove the broken brick using a chisel and hammer, clean the area, and prepare new mortar. Insert the new brick and apply mortar around it, ensuring it is flush with the surrounding bricks. Maintain the moisture of the new mortar for proper curing over the next few days.

4. What is tuckpointing, and why is it necessary? Tuckpointing is the process of repairing and renewing the mortar joints between bricks. This technique is essential for maintaining the integrity of a wall and preventing moisture from entering and damaging the structure. It involves removing old mortar, cleaning the joints, and applying new mortar.

5. How much does brick repair cost in Canada? The cost of brick repair can vary widely depending on the extent of damage and the nature of the repairs needed. On average, professional masonry work might cost around $120 per hour in Canada. For specific pricing, it’s best to obtain quotes from several local masons.

6. What is the difference between brick repair and brick restoration? Brick repair focuses on fixing functional issues and damage to restore structural integrity, often by replacing or repairing damaged bricks and mortar. Brick restoration goes further to bring the masonry back to its original aesthetic appearance, using materials and techniques that match the historical context of the structure.

19 Ideas To Make Your Patio Like New Again in 2023

Posted by James on December 4, 2022

Everyone loves a great patio. They’re the perfect place to comfortably relax outside, whether it’s with friends and family or by yourself.

Because it’s outside, it’s easy for your patio to fall into disrepair. Regular wear and tear combine with the outdoors to damage your patio, regardless of what it’s made of or how often you make repairs.

However, it’s never too late to make your patio look new again. With a little time and effort, you can turn your old patio into the perfect outdoor space.

Patio Repair vs. Patio Restoration – What’s the Difference?

The first step to fixing any patio, no matter what it’s made of, is to decide if you need repairs or a full restoration. Let’s cover the difference between the two, so you know where to start.

Repair

Repairs are meant to fix up small areas of damage. Every structure loses some structural integrity as time passes, especially something that’s constantly outside, like a patio.

Basic repairs help your patio maintain its functionality and stay structurally sound. They get your existing masonry back into good shape so that you can use it comfortably. If your patio isn’t in too bad condition, you might be able to get by with some minor repairs rather than a full restoration.

Restoration

Restoration is usually more intensive than repairs. While the restoration process might include repairs, the goal is a little different.

If you’re restoring a structure, you’re bringing masonry back to its original look. Typically, restoration involves replacing old materials with new ones to make a structure look brand new again. Repairs support and maintain functionality while restoration focuses on revitalization.

How Much Does It Cost to Renovate a Patio in Canada?

If you’ve decided you need to renovate your patio, you might be considering how much it’ll cost. While you can do some basic repairs yourself, restoration almost always requires the help of a professional.

Like every type of repair or renovation, the exact cost of renovating your patio will vary depending on your patio’s size, the materials used, your location, and the amount of work needed. For general estimations, the average cost for patio work in Eastern Canada is about $60 per square foot.

These are the average costs for deck work based on materials in Montreal and Toronto according to RenoAssistance.

Material	Montreal	Toronto
Fiberglass	$17 to $21/ sq.ft. (without base structure)$30 to $40/ sq.ft. (with structure)	$21 to $25/ sq.ft. (without base structure)$36 to $55/ sq.ft. (with structure)
Treated wood	$40 to $50/ sq.ft	$50 to $60/ sq.ft.
Cedar	$50 to $60/ sq.ft	$55 to $66/ sq.ft.
Roasted wood	$50 to $60/ sq.ft	$60 to $85/ sq.ft
Composite wood	$60 to $70/ sq.ft	$75 to $85/ sq.ft.
Concrete	$60 to $70/ sq.ft.	$75 to $85/ sq.ft.

Contact your local masonry repair professional for a more exact estimate of your costs.

How To Repair A Paver Patio

Like we mentioned above, you can do some minor repairs yourself. If you have a paver patio, most repairs require the same simple solution: replace the brick.

Paver patios are incredibly popular in colder climates as they allow for fluctuation with the changing seasons. While other materials might not be able to withstand harsh weather conditions, paver patios are perfect for anyone who lives somewhere snowy and sunny.

To get the most out of your paver patio, no matter the time of year, you should ensure that it’s in good shape. The three most common problems with paver patios are sinking, loose, or crooked bricks. Luckily, all three require the same solution.

What You’ll Need

Sand
Level
Small pry bar or flat screwdriver
Broom
Rubber mallet
Water

How to Replace a Paver Brick

First, you need to remove the bad brick. You might have to wet the surrounding sand to loosen it.
Use your pry bar or flat screwdriver to wiggle it loose and take it out.
Now you can add in the sand for the new brick a little at a time.
Smooth out the sand and tamp it down well. Use your level to make sure you have an even, solid base.
Put the new brick in and check that it’s the same height as the surrounding bricks. Use your level again to ensure it’s even and avoid trip hazards.
Add more sand.
Use the rubber mallet to tap the brick securely into place.
Check the evenness with your level one more time.
Add more sand, using the broom to sweep it into the crevices surrounding the brick.
Wet the sand, so it sinks into the cracks.
Repeat steps 9 and 10 as needed.
Sweep away excess sand.

How to Repair Cracks in a Concrete Patio

Concrete patio cracks — Image Source – https://turnbullmasonry.com/common-concrete-patio-repairs/

Concrete patios are a little harder to fix, but you can still do some minor repairs yourself. Small cracks are the easiest to fix yourself, and you want to repair them as soon as possible. It doesn’t take much for small cracks to turn into big ones that can cause permanent damage.

While you can repair small concrete cracks yourself, there are a few things you should know before you begin. First, you can’t fix it with concrete.

The crack needs to be flexible to adjust with shifting concrete. The polymer-based filler you use in this fix allows for minor shifts while maintaining structural integrity.

Second, any crack wider than ½ an inch, or missing or tilted concrete, needs professional repair. You’ll have to find a masonry contractor in your area that can fix it for you.

Finally, the repair will always be visible. You might be able to hide it with paint if you use a paintable filler, but there will always be a patch on your patio.

Now that you know the basics, we can cover how exactly you fix a small crack in your concrete patio.

What You’ll Need

Caulking gun
Hammer
Heavy-duty flat mason’s chisel
Wire brush
Shop vacuum
Safety glasses
Hearing protection
Putty knife
Utility knife
Polymer-based concrete crack filler
Solid crack filler (This can be a closed-cell backer rod or clean sand and a funnel)

How to Fix a Crack in Concrete

First, you’ll need to widen the crack. With your safety glasses and hearing protection on, place the edge of your masonry chisel into the crack.

Keeping the chisel at a 45-degree angle, tap the back of it lightly with a hammer. Force it about ¼-inch into the crack, following the outline of the crack as you tap. Ideally, you want to create a v-shape for easy filling.

Use the wire brush to brush out the crack and dislodge small particles.
Take the shop vac and thoroughly clean out the crack. Any leftover concrete particles can compromise the repair, so you want to make sure you get every last piece out.
If the crack is deeper than ¼-inch, you’ll have to add some solid crack filler and bring it up to ¼-inch depth. Either dispense clean sand through the funnel or use the closed-cell backer rod.
Now you can add the concrete crack filler. Cut off the application tip and place a bead of filler into the crack.
Draw the filler along the crack and make sure it fully settles. To avoid gaps, squirt a small amount onto a piece of cardboard to get out air bubbles and reach the thicker filler.
Use the putty knife to trowel down the putty. Draw the knife in the direction of the crack.
Add more filler if needed and trowel it down.
Allow the filler to cure for at least 24 hours before using your patio or painting or surfacing the patch.

19 Ideas to Make Your Patio Look Like New

Outside of minor repairs, there are a lot of ways you can make your patio look brand new. Freshening up your outdoor space with some new plants or furniture can have a huge impact on the overall look of your patio. Here are 19 ways you can revitalize your patio, whether it’s made of concrete, wood, paver bricks, or something else.

1. Clear out the weeds.

Clearing the weeds growing around your patio or between bricks is a small change that can make the space look a lot cleaner.

2. Use a concrete resurfacer.

A concrete resurfacer allows you to make your concrete look brand new. They’re easy to apply, and you can pick whichever shade you want.

3. Address minor damage.

Taking the time to fix small cracks or slightly uneven bricks not only helps your patio look better but also makes it safer. You eliminate trip hazards and prevent the damage from affecting your patio’s structural integrity.

4. Give it a good wash.

Don’t underestimate the power of a good wash. With the help of a good power washer, which you can usually rent from your local hardware store, you can get out deeply embedded dirt.

5. Add shade.

There are a lot of options for adding shade to your patio, from awnings to umbrellas to canopies. Even if it doesn’t get particularly warm where you live, coverage from the sun protects your skin and allows you to stay outside longer.

6. Add a pergola.

If you’re looking for a more decorative structure, you can always add a pergola. While they don’t offer much shade, they can take a basic structure and turn it into a beautiful outdoor space.

7. Get some greenery.

Native plants take any outdoor space to another level. With some easy-to-manage greener, whether it’s around the edge of your patio or in pots, you can add some color and life to your space.

8. Add more color.

While plants can add a touch of lively green, you can also add some more color with furniture or paint. Try to match the outside of your house for a great overall look.

9. Find an outdoor rug.

Adding an outdoor rug is the easiest way to bring life to your patio. Find one that you love and place it on your patio for a splash of decor.

10. Paint your concrete.

If you have a concrete patio, but you’re tired of the same grey, you can paint it. While you can always stick with a single color, you can also paint a pattern for a unique look.

11. Use deck flooring.

Deck flooring is an easy way to change up your patio. Just find the flooring you love that matches your home and place it down.

12. Add a border.

No matter what your patio is made of, a border of a matching material can add style. You can use railing, low walls, or even a small paver border to outline your patio.

13. Repair old furniture.

If you have some outdoor furniture that’s seen better days, you can easily fix it up with some paint and a thorough clean. As long as your furniture is in decent condition, repairing it can let you use it for a few more years.

14. Get new furniture.

If your outdoor furniture is past saving, look for new pieces in secondhand stores or online. You can always fix up lightly used furniture, and you might find some pieces in great condition.

15. Add outdoor cushions.

Adding a few cushions could be the thing that brings your whole patio together. They make your furniture more comfortable and help your outdoor space look better.

16. Hang lights.

For nights spent outside, hang some outdoor lights that you leave up year-round.

17. Add a small fountain.

A small fountain can make your patio feel more relaxing and add an elegant touch to your outdoor space.

18. Get a fire pit.

If it’s safe for you to have one, a fire pit can let you use your patio even when it’s cold out. Just make sure you’re following all safety precautions and maintaining distance from your home.

19. Put up torches.

Torches are another option for lighting that can add flair to your patio.

Final Thoughts

Your patio is a great place to relax outside. With some repairs or restorations, you can make your patio look new again and create the perfect outdoor space.

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. Can I perform basic repairs on my patio myself? Yes, basic repairs such as replacing paver bricks or addressing minor cracks in concrete can typically be done by yourself with a few tools and materials. Detailed instructions are provided in the blog for replacing paver bricks and fixing small cracks in concrete patios.

2. What’s the difference between patio repair and patio restoration? Patio repair focuses on fixing specific damage to maintain the patio’s functionality and structural integrity. Restoration, however, involves a comprehensive approach to bring the patio back to its original or a completely new aesthetic, often replacing old materials with new ones to revitalize the entire space.

3. How much does it cost to renovate a patio in Canada? The cost of patio renovations varies widely depending on factors like the size of the patio, materials used, and the extent of the work needed. In Eastern Canada, the average cost for patio work can be around $60 per square foot, with specific material costs provided for Montreal and Toronto in the blog.

4. What are some common issues with paver patios and how can they be fixed? Common issues with paver patios include sinking, loose, or crooked bricks. These can generally be fixed by removing the problematic brick, adjusting the base with sand, and properly re-setting the brick using tools like a level and rubber mallet.

5. What should I do if I find larger cracks in my concrete patio? For cracks wider than ½ inch or when dealing with structural issues, it’s recommended to hire a professional. Large cracks or damage can signify deeper problems that might require more extensive repairs beyond DIY solutions.

6. What are some affordable ways to refresh the look of my patio? Refreshing your patio can be as simple as adding new plants, painting concrete surfaces, or introducing outdoor furniture and décor. The blog lists 19 creative ideas to help revitalize your patio, ranging from installing outdoor lights to adding a fire pit or outdoor cushions.

9 Reasons Why Brick Repair is the Best Choice for Your 2022 Home Improvement Project.

Posted by James on November 28, 2022

When it comes to home renovations, brick repair is often an overlooked option. Many people believe that repairing brick is expensive and difficult, but this is not always the case. In fact, repairing brick can be a cost-effective and easy way to improve the look of your home.

If you are considering a home renovation project, here are nine reasons why you should choose brick repair over other options.

1. Brick is a classic material that will never go out of style.

Brick has a long history of use in construction, and its timeless appearance makes it a popular choice for both traditional and contemporary designs. With its distinctive colour and textured surface, brick can complement any style or aesthetic, adding character and elegance to any space.

Furthermore, as a remarkably durable material, brick can last for centuries with proper care. A well-maintained home built of brick is an investment that will stand the test of time, providing a classic and stylish backdrop to your family’s life events.

Whether you’re building a new house or giving your existing home an update, brick should be high on your list of considerations.

2. Brick is durable and long-lasting.

Brick is one of the most durable and long-lasting construction materials available. Properly installed and maintained by trained professionals, brick homes can stand the test of time, remaining beautiful and functional for years to come.

Moreover, brick is resistant to fire, weathering, pests, and other environmental factors, making it a low-maintenance option for homeowners. With regular care and maintenance by a professional team of contractors, brick homes can be a sound and safe choice for your home building needs.

Whether you choose to use brick as an exterior material or incorporate it into your indoor construction plans, this sturdy material will certainly stand the test of time.

3. Brick repair can be completed quickly, with minimal disruption to your daily routine.

Brick repair projects are a great way to maintain the beauty and integrity of your home, whatever your needs may be. Whether you are looking for a fast and easy solution for small aesthetic issues, or you desire a more substantial renovation that will require professional help, brick repair can be completed quickly and with minimal disruption to your daily routine.

Thanks to advanced materials and techniques, installing new bricks or repairing existing ones can be done quickly and efficiently by experienced professionals who understand how best to work with this timeless building material.

And with so many options available in terms of design and colour, you can rest assured that your home will always look its best, no matter what the season or weather conditions. So if you are considering a brick repair project for your home, don’t hesitate! With the help of knowledgeable professionals, you can achieve your dream results in no time.

4. Brick is easy to maintain and clean.

Brick is a low-maintenance material and only requires occasional cleaning to keep it looking its best.

When it comes to choosing a low-maintenance building material, few options can match the ease and convenience of brick. This time-tested material is renowned for its durability and easy upkeep and only requires occasional cleaning to keep it looking its best. When it does need to be cleaned, brick is easy to power wash or scrub with soap and water.

As a result, it is an ideal choice for busy homeowners who want to spend more time enjoying their homes and less time on upkeep. Whether you are building a new home or renovating an existing one, consider using brick as a low-maintenance option that will stand the test of time.

5. Brick adds value to your home and can increase its resale value.

Brick is an extremely valuable material for home construction and one that can greatly increase the resale value of your house. Because brick is extremely durable and low-maintenance, buyers are often willing to pay more for a brick home than for other types of construction.

This is particularly true in Southern Ontario, which has a long history of using masonry materials like brick in its architecture. As such, if you’re looking to get the most out of your investment, choosing brick for exterior walls is an excellent choice that can drastically increase your home’s resale value down the line.

So whether you’re building a new home or renovating your existing one, consider opting for brick so that you can rest assured knowing that your house will stand the test of time.

6. Brick is energy-efficient and can help reduce your energy bills.

Brick is a highly effective insulator and can be a great way to improve the energy efficiency of your home. In the winter, it helps to keep heat in, preventing your furnace or other heating systems from having to work as hard. And in the summer, it keeps out the heat, helping to keep your home cooler and more comfortable without consuming as much energy.

What’s more, by improving the insulation properties of your home, brick can help you save money on your energy bills all year round. Whether you’re thinking about installing new windows or upgrading your central air system, replacing or adding the bricks of your house may be a cost-effective and quick approach to reduce energy expenses.

With its unique ability to regulate temperature no matter what season it is, brick is an excellent choice for anyone committed to conserving energy and saving money!

7. Brick is environmentally friendly and sustainable.

Brick is a sustainable and environmentally friendly material that can be used in a variety of ways. It is made from natural materials, such as clay and water, and does not produce any harmful emissions during production. In addition, brick is recyclable and can be reused or repurposed in several ways. For example, old bricks can be crushed and used as gravel or landscaping fill.

Brick is an increasingly popular choice for sustainably-minded builders and homeowners in Ontario, Canada. In fact, the use of brick helps to conserve energy and resources throughout the product’s life cycle. From the extraction of raw materials to the end-of-life recycling of used brick, this durable material sustainably supports our built environment.

8. Brick is non-toxic and safe for children and pets.

Brick is a non-toxic material that is safe for children and pets. Due to its non-toxic nature, it does not off-gas or releases any harmful chemicals into the air when used in homes with young children or indoor pets.

In addition, because brick is fireproof and non-combustible, it does not contribute to indoor air pollution or pose any safety risks for young children or vulnerable family members. Therefore, for families with young children or inside pets, brick is a great choice for flooring and home building materials.

Not only does it provide a non-toxic and secure living environment, but it also helps to strengthen the structural integrity of the home by providing an extra layer of protection from fires and other disasters.

9. Brick can be used in a variety of home improvement projects.

Home improvement projects generally see a significant uptick during the summer months. Homeowners have more free time and the weather is conducive to working outdoors. That being said, you don’t have to wait until summer to start your brick project. Starting now can give you a leg up on the competition come 2022. Here are a few ideas to get you started:

Walkway: A brick walkway is a great way to add curb appeal to your home. It’s also a relatively simple project that can be completed in a weekend.
Chimney Repair: If your home has a brick chimney, chances are it could use some repair. Winter weather can take its toll on both the bricks and the mortar. Investing in repairs now will help to prevent costly damage down the road.
Garden Wall: Building a brick wall around your garden is not only functional but also adds an element of beauty. Tall plants or climbing vines would look lovely growing up the sides of the wall.

There are endless possibilities when it comes to using brick in home improvement projects. Whether you’re looking to add curb appeal, repair damage, or simply add a bit of beauty to your home, brick is a great choice.

Classic and stylish, bricks are a timeless material that can add character and curb appeal to any home. And because they’re so durable, well-maintained bricks can last for centuries.

So if you’re looking for a project that will make a lasting impression, call our team of experienced professionals today. We’ll have your bricks looking good as new in no time.

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. Is brick repair a cost-effective choice for home renovations? Yes, brick repair is often a cost-effective option for home renovations. It can improve the aesthetic appeal of your home without the high cost associated with replacing large sections of masonry. With proper care, repaired brickwork can last for decades, making it a wise investment for homeowners.

2. What makes brick a durable choice for home construction? Brick is one of the most durable building materials available, known for its strength and longevity. It is resistant to fire, pests, and harsh weather conditions, which helps it maintain its structure and appearance over time with minimal maintenance required.

3. How long does it typically take to complete a brick repair project? Brick repair can often be completed quickly, depending on the extent of the damage. Small repairs can typically be done within a day, while larger restoration projects might take a few days. Professional brick masons use efficient techniques that minimize disruption to your daily routine.

4. How does brick contribute to the energy efficiency of a home? Brick has excellent thermal mass properties, helping to regulate indoor temperatures by absorbing heat and releasing it slowly. This can keep your home warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer, potentially reducing your heating and cooling costs significantly.

5. Can old bricks be recycled or repurposed after a repair or renovation project? Yes, bricks are highly recyclable. Old bricks can be crushed and reused as gravel or landscaping fill, or they can be repurposed in other construction projects. Recycling bricks not only reduces waste but also contributes to sustainable building practices.

6. What are some creative ways to use brick in home improvement projects? Brick can be used in a variety of home improvement projects beyond just structural repairs. Some creative uses include building a brick walkway, constructing a garden wall, or creating a new fireplace surround. Each of these projects can enhance the beauty and functionality of your home.

Everything You Need to Know About Retaining Walls

Posted by James on March 30, 2021

If you ever walk past a house that seems to have come right out of Jane Austen or imagine yourself strolling through a countryside lane in Middle Earth, chances are that there might be a stone wall somewhere in there; perhaps pushed up against the side of a hill. This is called a retaining wall.

Like the best things in life, a retaining wall is both pretty and functional. If you have a need or a desire for one in your own landscaping to up the quality of your outdoor aesthetic, knowing more information will always help you to make the best decisions. This guide will help you know exactly what a retaining wall is and how it works, how much a retaining wall will cost, tips and tricks about retaining walls, how a retaining wall will add to your yard, and even some of the best and most creative retaining wall ideas out there!

What is a Retaining Wall and How Does it Work?

A retaining wall is a wall built of a material solid enough to “retain” (hold in place) dirt and soil behind it. These might be used in a front or back garden, flowerbeds, or any other landscaping structures to ensure that rain, erosion, and other natural issues don’t cause shifts in the soil and a spread or collapse of whatever it is you were trying to keep together.

There are four primary types of retaining walls: gravity retaining walls, reinforced retaining walls, sheet piling retaining walls, and anchored retaining walls.

Gravity Retaining Walls

Gravity retaining walls tend to be a little bit shorter in height and rely solely on their own mass (and, ergo, the laws of gravity working with their weight) to keep soil in check. This allows versatility with the materials that can be used when building a gravity wall, and in general, they are a simpler structure to build, with the wall and perhaps a trench or concrete seal at the bottom being the only necessary ingredients.

Reinforced Retaining Walls

Also known as cantilevered retaining walls, reinforced walls are one of the stronger models because of the foundational support that they exhibit. The wall runs in an L-shape, with the main part being above ground and holding the soil in place, while the shorter part in the form of a slab goes beneath the bed. The weight of the dirt on top of this slab is what keeps it from falling forward. Some reinforced retaining walls have additional structural help in the foundation.

Sheet Piling Retaining Walls

If you have soft soil and are tight on space, a sheet piling wall might be your best bet. Sheet piling walls are just a thin piece of material (usually steel, wood, or vinyl) that is driven into the ground by the soil. Sometimes there is additional support offered with a vertical corrugated structure.

Anchored Retaining Walls

An anchored retaining wall is when anchors are driven into the ground to support the wall, and then they expand while below ground through mechanical or pressurized means from above. Anchored walls can help support any of the other three types of walls, though are most typically used for either large sheet piling walls or a higher load.

Geogrid

Geogrid isn’t a type of retaining wall, but rather a type of material that is helpful for adding to the strength of the wall. It’s a mesh of sorts that acts as a support to the soil that is being kept inside the boundaries. The soil grabs for the geogrid rather than pushing on the wall, and so it alleviates much of the pressure on the stones. Geogrid can be so strong that even sand castles can support concrete when using it!

How Does a Retaining Wall Work?

Essentially, a retaining wall will take a sloping property and help make it functional and beautiful, leveling out certain areas for texture and aesthetic and protecting the yard from the damages of erosion.

Using a variety of materials (stone, brick, wood, concrete, etc.), a retaining wall can even be practical outside of keeping soil in, as it can provide things like outdoor seating or even some privacy if placed correctly.

The materials are stacked or pushed into the ground to create a barrier around the soil bed that they are hemming in, and the soil cannot escape due to the strength of the structure. It makes dangerous land safe (and also makes them ideal for flower beds and gardens!).

It depends primarily on the material that you decide to use (plus labor and parts), but it can cost thousands of dollars to build even one retaining wall. But don’t let that deter you! They have a purpose beyond their beauty, but the fact that they have such an additional aesthetic appeal will add value to your life, and to your home.

Ask your engineer for a price per square foot; on average it is:

Can $19-$38 for basic concrete blocks.
Can $18 for brick.
Up to Can $32 for wood.
Up to Can $50 for stone or poured concrete.

So now, if you’ve decided that a retaining wall is right for you and your yard, let’s look at some practical tips for what to do – and what not to do – when adding one into your landscaping.

The Do’s and Don’ts of Building a Retaining Wall

It can be exciting to add a new structure to your home! But keep in mind that retaining walls are not only meant to be beautiful but meant to be functional. Here are some tips to keep in mind while making decisions for your retaining wall.

Do Get Help from an Engineer

It might be expensive, but it will be worth it in the long run to have a retaining wall that works. It’s not that you can’t DIY, but installing a retaining wall is more complicated than you might think (especially one taller than four feet) and checking over your plans with a professional could make things much easier.

Do Check Your Materials

Is that geogrid, or snow fence? Are you sure that’s the material you want for your wall? Have you double-checked your measurements? It can save a lot of work, in the long run, to check everything before you make decisions that you can’t go back on.

Do Confirm With Your Local Authorities

You might need permission and permits to build your retaining wall, so know of any potential problems before you begin construction! And don’t start digging before you have checked if there is a pipe or line where you’re planning to make a trench! Call DigSafe for your state to make sure that you don’t have any dangerous complications.

Do Lay Materials Evenly

If you use, say, cinder blocks to make your wall and put the first row on a slope that goes down to the side, you will find yourself laying an entire wall that goes the same direction, which looks messy. If you need to, build tiers of walls rather than one large one, but make sure that the bottom layer of each wall is on even ground!

Your wall should be sloping from top to bottom in a way that leans into the soil it is retaining! Just not from side to side.

Don’t Put Your Wall Near Problematic Roots

The last thing you want is tree roots ruining the structure you’ve just built! A quality foundation is imperative to a good retaining wall, but Mother Nature can disrupt that if you don’t choose a good location to build.

Don’t Forget About Water!

Water is the enemy of all structures. Groundwater can begin to make your wall unstable if you don’t plan for it ahead of time, so it is extremely important to build a drainpipe and gravel or another draining mechanism into your design to account for the flow.

How Installing a Retaining Wall Will Add Beauty to Your Backyard

Retaining walls can be some of the most beautiful pieces in your landscaping if you design it right. Here are some of the primary things to consider when you are thinking aesthetically about your wall.

Materials

The materials you choose should compliment your home, the rest of your yard, and whatever the retaining wall is supporting (garden, flowers, etc.). Below are the most common materials.

Stone is timeless and popular for retaining walls as it adds a more grounded feel to them. Plus, they are lower maintenance than some other materials!

Brick is low maintenance, too, and punctuates a lawn with a very intentional accent. Brick is cozy, clean, and clear – great for bringing attention to your walls!

Concrete is heavy and durable, and while its aesthetic doesn’t fit everywhere, it gives a clean and urban vibe that invites imagination to collaborate with its blank slate.

Finally, wood is a great choice for adding a natural feel to your yard and has a wide variety of options that can match many locations.

In the Soil

Growing something inside your retaining wall will automatically elevate the elegance of your yard. Flowers of any sort will evoke Versailles when you see them peeping over tiers of block stone walls, and even just greenery will be sure to let people know that you are intentional with your choice of decoration.

You can even plant small trees (with non-invasive roots, of course) near (not on) your retaining wall! To have an inviting yard is to tell people that you respect them and yourself, and the land that you live on.

Twenty Cool Ideas for your Retaining Wall

A brown wood-tiered wall that only grows grass gives a sleek, modern look that almost turns your yard into gigantic steps of a giant. Another great idea for grass retaining walls involves grass-covered steps and gives the impression of a naturally occurring staircase!
Building a retaining wall around a centerpiece, like a fountain in a courtyard, takes the level of architecture from “pretty” to “dancing-in-Europe-at-sunset-gorgeous.”
Untreated steel, while not a conventional material, gives almost a post-apocalyptic vibe that can go well with desert homes or a rustic farmhouse. Or try marble for a grandiose display!
Using huge boulders as your material easily gives the impression of a wall built long ago that has remained standing for centuries. It’s whimsical and impressive at the same time.
Building benches into your retaining wall gives a romantic feel to the landscape, no matter what material you use!
Putting a matching in-ground pool into the center of your retaining wall can look and feel like a garden oasis; who wouldn’t love that?
Making tiers of steps that lead up your wall into a walkway or entrance to your home gives your house the feel of a castle, and gives your guests the experience of walking up to one!
An intentionally uneven wall with carefully placed plants is the perfect opportunity to have a waterfall running down your retaining wall. Just be sure to have carefully placed pipes to handle it!
Basic concrete can sound boring, but hand your kid a box of sidewalk chalk and let them get to work changing that blank slate into mural after mural of colorful artwork!
Draping plants lend a mysterious, Victorian appeal to a retaining wall – especially if it is so concealed by leaves that it looks more like a hedge than rocks!
Large, flat rocks built as steps into a garden retaining wall are like building stepping stones across a magical pond. In other words, beautiful and desirable.
You can use shaped stones to create patterns on your wall, like rows of diamonds! It’s eye-catching and eye-keeping.
A latticed retaining wall, especially a tall one, has the opportunity for many different plants to grow out of it and show a vast vertical garden to your guests!
If you live in a place with gorgeous natural rock landscaping then you can consider using that to build your retaining wall and blend in with your natural habitat, making it look almost as though your home was raised upright from the ground.
Multiple high retaining walls can make little pockets of privacy – almost like house rooms in your backyard.
Multicolored materials make for a vibrant wall that pops out to the eye and brings charm to any yard. You can try making a mosaic with flat stones and lines in between – beautiful!
Textured material walls – interlocking blocks, overlaying blocks, even using garden planters as part of the wall – are a great choice for anyone looking for an artistic aesthetic that delights the eye!
Using different materials for one wall (like stone and wood) is a cool way to mix vibes and give a unique flavor to your home.
Sleepers are materials that are used to keep a structure in place, like the flat railroad tie that supports the other two. Using vertical sleepers can add a very smooth look to your retaining wall, almost as if using a cookie-cutter on your grass!
Lights. You can add lights to your retaining wall and give it a warm, adventurous look that is great for summer evenings around a grill or fire pit (which you can also build into your retaining wall!)

Retaining walls are beautiful, practical additions to any home, and elevate the quality of life to anyone who experiences them. There is something beautiful about walls, grass, greenery, and flowers all mixed together to preserve soil and preserve elegance. Call your local engineers and landscapers and tell them about your dream retaining wall! They want to help you as much as you want to build it.

Frequently Asked Questions:

What is a retaining wall?
- A retaining wall is a structure designed to hold back soil and prevent erosion, often used in landscaping to create stable, usable spaces on sloped ground.
What materials can be used to build a retaining wall?
- Common materials for retaining walls include stone, brick, concrete, wood, and reinforced plastic materials like geogrids.
How does a retaining wall work?
- Retaining walls counteract the force of gravity, effectively holding back soil and maintaining stability in sloped areas by distributing pressure evenly across the wall.
What are the different types of retaining walls?
- The primary types include gravity walls, cantilevered walls, sheet piling walls, and anchored walls, each serving different structural needs and environments.
How much does it cost to build a retaining wall?
- Costs can vary widely, generally ranging from $19 to $50 per square foot, depending on materials and the complexity of the construction.
Do I need a professional to build a retaining wall?
- For walls over four feet or those requiring significant structural support, it’s advisable to consult with an engineer or a professional landscaper to ensure safety and effectiveness.

What You Need to Know About Restoring Your Chimney?

Posted by James on March 22, 2021

A fireplace can be one of the primary centerpieces of a home. Whether it is used in your kitchen, a bedroom, or living area, the warmth and light that it exudes draws people near it for fellowship. If you’ve spent the money to install/maintain a fireplace in your home, then you know that it should work as well as it looks.

The hidden yet primary worker of a fireplace is a chimney. When a fire is lit, it goes overtime to ensure that the smoke is funneled outside rather than filling your home. Without a properly working chimney, your fireplace will either be purely decorative or a nightmare when you strike a match in the firebox.

When you set out to repair or restore your chimney, it’s best to get an idea of how much it is going to cost, how it can be done, and what sorts of repairs you might need. Here’s an overview of some basic knowledge that will help you make the right decisions for your home, family, and beautiful fireplace.

How Much Do Chimney Repairs Cost?

Costs will vary depending on what feature of your chimney needs repairs, but the average cost would be around $576. Your price will depend on the material your chimney is made from, the size, the kind of issues you are dealing with, etc.

A basic brick-and-mortar repair could cost anywhere between $253-$2,532, and the price point will fluctuate depending on what type of material your chimney is built from. Brick repair will be a cheaper option, whereas stucco can easily go from $1,266-$5,064 if your repair needs are more extensive. Individual features (cracks, wood rot, etc.) can be as low as a few hundred dollars to repair if there isn’t much, but issues like spalling (broken or missing bricks and stones), repointing, or tuckpointing (replacing mortar, sometimes aesthetically) can cost much more.

One of the most costly issues you could encounter is waiting too long to fix an issue (especially in the crowning) which could result in the need for a full replacement of the chimney. In that case, you could be paying well into the thousands instead of hundreds, so be sure to jump on repairs in a timely manner!

And if you notice damage to your chimney, hold off using the fireplace until you can get it fixed! Working with a damaged chimney can cause even more damage and be dangerous.

Are Chimney Repairs Covered by Insurance?

Homeowners’ insurance tends to cover unexpected or unprecedented events (also known as “Acts of God”) such as natural disasters. If your chimney is damaged by a violent flood, earthquake, tornado, etc. then you have a good chance that your insurance will cover the repairs.

However, if your repair needs stem from something a little less catastrophic – like old, worn-out materials or your contractor doing a bad job building it – then you might have a little more trouble filing a claim. Insurance companies need to see proof that the damage didn’t come from your own lack of routine maintenance or ill-chosen craftsman.

The best thing to do is to check your fireplace and chimney regularly for issues and get people that you can trust to install anything that it needs. Then, know what your insurance plan covers and keep yourself up to date on what it offers. Do your best to find the plan that is best for your family! “Insurance is an investment,” says Pete Karageorgos, the director of consumer and industry relations at the Insurance Bureau of Canada “so you want to take the time and do it right.”

Can a Roofer Repair a Chimney?

Whether or not a roofer is the best choice to repair your chimney depends on what exactly the repair is!

If your issue has to do with a leak, there are a couple of things to look into before hiring anyone. Water coming down your chimney can be an issue that stems from a broken cap or crown (what covers the chimney up at the top), or from cracks and broken bits in the chimney itself with the brick or stones. If these are the cases, then you should consider calling a chimney specialist rather than a roofer. Roofers won’t have the experience or knowledge to handle the problem the same way that someone whose expertise lies in chimneys will.

A third option, though, is that your chimney might be leaking from the flashing. Flashing is a thin piece of metal that attaches the chimney to the rest of the roof around it. When it becomes warped or out of place (or maybe even attacked by wild animals seeking your chimney for a new home), water can come through what was once airtight. In these cases, a roofer is actually a good person to call because the process of replacing the flashing will require the removal of the roof around the chimney, and the ability to put it back together afterwards. Be sure to find an experienced roofer for this and one who will offer you proper materials for your flashing!

Other issues with a chimney may require other specialists. Brick masons will be able to rebuild major aspects of your chimney, or even replace it completely if it came to that. And chimney sweeps do more than sing and dance through London: they play an important role in cleaning and maintaining your chimney, as well as fixing moderate damages in the brick and mortar. So while a roofer is great for flashing or other areas of your roof, in these other areas you will get the best quality work with someone who knows exactly how to deal with a chimney.

What Are the Most Common Types of Chimney Repairs?

Like any part of a house, chimneys need a lot of maintenance and routine checks to make sure that they are functioning properly. And because they deal with fire and gas, neglecting to do these things can be quite hazardous for you and your family. Knowing what some of the most commonly needed chimney repairs are can inform and inspire you to take a look at your own chimney and determine whether or not it might be time to get someone out there to fix it up.

Blockage

restoring your chimney — Image source – https://www.mychimney.com/blog/4-reasons-regular-chimney-sweep-services-are-so-important/

Blockage is anything that is plugging up the chimney and keeping it from releasing the smoke and gases properly. It might be anything from a bird’s nest to just a buildup of waste and debris, but either way, it is imperative to keep blockage out of your chimney! Unaddressed blockage can result in house fires.

One of the most dangerous forms of blockage is creosote. As you burn wood in your firebox, both soot and black tar (creosote) will float up the chimney and get deposited in the lining of the flue. Creosote is flammable and is the cause of many chimney fires in homes. Like other blockages, creosote can also impede the escape of carbon monoxide out of the chimney. Carbon monoxide is an odorless, tasteless, and colorless gas that is deadly to humans and frequently found in homes that have malfunctioning chimneys. When there is no airflow in and out of a home, a fire will devour what little oxygen there is, and then carbon dioxide; finally creating carbon monoxide which has nowhere to go if the chimney is blocked. The only option is for it to flow back into your home.

Ensuring that your chimney is regularly checked and cleared of blockage (and NOT using it if you know that it is blocked!) will reduce the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. But even so, it’s a good idea to buy a carbon monoxide alarm if you use a fireplace or any fuel-burning device in your home. Far, far better to be safe than sorry!

Chimney Lining

The lining in your chimney (also called flue lining) is one of the most important pieces. It is what helps vent your chimney (and prevent things like carbon monoxide poisoning). A cracked lining could be extremely dangerous because it can also spread fires to parts of your home that could catch fire.

If you do not have a stainless steel flue lining, consider getting one. Steel, rather than clay, is far more heat resistant and therefore damage resistant, and takes much longer to need replacing. Be sure to examine your chimney lining regularly (at least once a year) to ensure that all is working properly and to mitigate any damages!

Caps and Crowns

When you think about the fact that a fireplace/chimney’s primary function is, well, fire, then it makes sense that its most deadly enemy would be water. A chimney’s cap and crown are on the front lines against this enemy, and if they aren’t in top shape then the structural integrity of your chimney could pay the price.

A chimney crown is a slab that seals off your chimney from water and the elements. If it is cracked or not as watertight as it is meant to be, then the water can trickle in and cause the mortar of your chimney to soften and begin to crumble. Crowns need to be checked frequently to ensure that they are working up to snuff.

A chimney cap is a part that covers the flue and keeps everything from rain, debris, and curious wildlife from sneaking in. Without a proper cap, rust and decay can enter the chimney, and gases and fires could enter your home.

Masonry

The structure of a chimney itself – the brickwork, stucco, stone, etc. – can actually be one of the most enduring elements of a chimney if the masonry was done right. But with time, erosion, and of course improper maintenance of the cap and crown, the chimney can need repairs just like any other function.

If a brick is cracked or out of place, then “repointing” or “tuckpointing” can be done to fix the problem. Repointing is grinding out the mortar between bricks that is getting worn down and replacing it with fresh mortar. Tuckpointing is replacing the mortar and choosing that matches both the original mortar and the bricks to refine the lines and create an aesthetic approach to the repair.

It is possible that you may have to replace entire bricks on your chimney if there has been too much damage done to them. This can be frustrating, but remember that it is cheaper in both the financial realm and in the peace of mind to pay someone to replace a few bricks instead of dealing with an entirely collapsed chimney.

All of this may sound expensive, overwhelming, and maybe not even worth having a fireplace to deal with in the first place. But that does not have to be the case! Remember that fireplaces are an investment for you and your home, and keeping them that way can make your days in the house that much better, and also improve the value of your home.

The best times to have an inspection of your chimney is right before and right after the wintertime (which is when fireplace use is the most prominent). It’s important to catch issues before they become dangerous or catastrophic events that can claim lives. It doesn’t have to be scary with some precautions and knowledge about how your fireplace works and what sorts of things to be aware of. And your inspector, of course, should know these things as well and can discuss them with you.

A fireplace can be one of the primary centerpieces of a home. Whether it is used in your kitchen, a bedroom, or living area, the warmth and light that it exudes draws people near it for fellowship. Don’t let small issues detract from that fact, and give your chimney what it needs to protect the fireplace so that your house and family can enjoy all of the benefits!

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. How much does a typical chimney repair cost? Chimney repairs can range from $253 to over $5,000, depending on the extent of the damage and the materials needed.

2. Are chimney repairs covered by homeowners insurance? Chimney repairs are usually covered if the damage is caused by “Acts of God” like tornadoes or earthquakes, but not for wear and tear or poor maintenance.

3. Can a roofer repair my chimney? A roofer can repair chimney issues related to flashing, but for structural repairs or issues related to the chimney’s masonry or flue, it’s best to contact a chimney specialist.

4. What are common types of chimney repairs? Common repairs include fixing blockages, repairing or replacing chimney linings, and addressing issues with caps and crowns.

5. Why is it important to repair a chimney promptly? Delaying chimney repairs can lead to more severe issues, including structural damage, water leaks, and increased fire hazards.

6. When should I inspect my chimney? Inspect your chimney before and after the winter season or more frequently if you use your fireplace extensively. This helps catch issues early before they become major problems.

Critical Warning Signs, How To Detect Masonry And Mortar Failure

Posted by James on April 5, 2020

Cracking as signs of masonry and mortal failure.

Imagine walking through your neighbourhood and seeing a once-beautiful brick home with crumbling mortar, flaking bricks, and a sagging facade. It’s a sad sight – and a costly one for the homeowner. But with regular masonry maintenance, this fate is entirely preventable. For Ontario homeowners, taking care of masonry isn’t just about preserving your house; it’s about preserving a piece of our shared architectural heritage.

Understanding and Identifying Masonry Issues

Masonry may seem indestructible, but it’s vulnerable to an array of issues, especially in Ontario’s harsh climate:

Efflorescence: Those unsightly white stains on your bricks? That’s efflorescence – crystallized salt deposits that can indicate moisture infiltration. Caused by water seeping through porous bricks or degraded mortar.
Spalling: If you notice bricks flaking, chipping, or crumbling (spalling), it’s often due to moisture seeping into the bricks and then freezing, expanding, and breaking the brick’s surface. Spalling can also result from improper manufacturing or repeated exposure to aggressive chemicals.
Frost Damage: Ontario’s freeze-thaw cycles can be brutal on masonry. When moisture seeps into bricks or mortar and then freezes, it expands, cracking or crumbling the masonry. Telltale signs include cracked bricks, loose mortar, and widening gaps between bricks.

Your Masonry Maintenance Checklist

Preventing masonry problems starts with regular DIY maintenance:

Annual Cleaning: Each spring, give your bricks a gentle scrub with a soft-bristled brush and a mild detergent solution (1/2 cup of dish soap per gallon of warm water). Rinse thoroughly with a hose on a low-pressure setting. Never use a pressure washer, which can damage bricks and mortar.
Drainage Checks: Ensure your gutters, downspouts, and grading direct water away from your masonry. Check for pooling water or signs of moisture infiltration after heavy rains.
Mortar Checks: Each fall, inspect your mortar for signs of crumbling, cracking, or widening gaps. If you can fit a dime into a gap, it’s time for repointing (more on that later).
Sealant Refresh: Every 5-7 years, have a professional apply a breathable, water-resistant masonry sealant to protect against moisture infiltration.

The Power of Professional Inspections

Even with diligent DIY maintenance, it’s crucial to have a professional mason inspect your brickwork every 3-5 years. They can spot hidden issues and nip them in the bud before they snowball into costly repairs. In Ontario, it’s especially important to schedule an inspection after a harsh winter or a season of extreme temperature fluctuations, which can accelerate masonry damage.

During an inspection, a professional will:

Check for signs of efflorescence, spalling, and frost damage
Assess the condition of your mortar and recommend repointing if needed
Inspect for structural issues like bowing, sagging, or separated bricks
Check for proper drainage and moisture management
Recommend any necessary repairs or preventative measures

DIY vs. Pro: Knowing Your Limits

Handy homeowners can tackle minor masonry repairs like replacing a few cracked bricks or spot-repointing small areas of damaged mortar. However, most masonry work is best left to the pros. Improper technique can worsen existing damage and even create new problems.

In particular, always hire a professional for:

Structural repairs (e.g., fixing bowing or sagging walls)
Extensive repointing (replacing mortar across large areas)
Brick replacement spanning large areas
Sealing or waterproofing masonry
Any repairs requiring scaffolding or specialty equipment

The Cutting Edge of Masonry Repair

When you do need professional repairs, ask about the latest technologies and techniques:

Laser Cleaning: This precise, eco-friendly method uses laser light to vaporize stains, paint, and grime without damaging the masonry underneath. It’s ideal for historic brick that may be too fragile for traditional cleaning methods.
Tuckpointing: For crumbling mortar, tuckpointing is a two-tone repointing method that gives the illusion of very fine joints, enhancing your brickwork’s appearance. Masons use a mortar dyed to match your bricks for the bulk of the joint, then apply a thin ribbon of contrasting mortar down the center.
Breathable Sealants: Modern masonry sealants are designed to repel water while still allowing bricks to “breathe” (release moisture). This prevents the moisture buildup that causes spalling and frost damage. Look for sealants with a 5+ year warranty against water infiltration.

Vetting Your Masonry Contractor

When hiring a mason, look for:

Proof of liability insurance and WSIB coverage
5+ years of experience, with a portfolio of similar projects
Knowledge of Ontario Building Code requirements for masonry
Positive reviews and references from past clients

Key questions to ask:

How long have you been in business?
Can you provide proof of insurance and WSIB coverage?
What experience do you have with projects like mine?
Can you walk me through your repair process and timeline?
What kind of warranty do you offer on your work?

Winterizing Your Masonry

Ontario’s winters can wreak havoc on masonry. To prevent costly damage:

Schedule your annual inspection and any necessary repairs before the first freeze.
Ensure your masonry is properly sealed to prevent moisture infiltration.
Check that your gutters, downspouts, and grading direct snowmelt away from your foundation.
Remove snow accumulation from masonry surfaces to prevent refreezing and moisture damage.
In the spring, check for any new cracks, gaps, or spalling caused by freeze-thaw cycles.

The Bottom Line: Maintaining Value and Beauty

Well-maintained masonry doesn’t just boost your home’s curb appeal; it’s a smart financial move. Potential buyers will pay a premium for a home with pristine brickwork, while neglected masonry can deter buyers and drag down your property value.

More importantly, by caring for your masonry, you’re preserving a piece of Ontario’s architectural heritage. Our historic brick homes and buildings are a testament to the craftsmanship and resilience of generations past. By maintaining your masonry, you’re not just protecting your home; you’re honoring the legacy of those who built it.

So whether you’re tuckpointing a Victorian townhouse in Toronto or sealing a mid-century ranch in Windsor, know that your masonry maintenance matters. With regular care and a trusted masonry partner, you can ensure your home stands strong and beautiful for generations to come.

Frequently Asked Questions:

How often should I have my masonry inspected by a professional?
- It’s recommended to have your masonry inspected by a professional every 3-5 years. However, if you live in an area with harsh winters or extreme temperature fluctuations, like many parts of Ontario, you may want to schedule an inspection more frequently, especially after a particularly severe winter.
Can I use a pressure washer to clean my bricks?
- No, it’s not advisable to use a pressure washer on your masonry. The high-pressure water can damage bricks and mortar, leading to more severe issues down the line. Instead, use a soft-bristled brush, a mild detergent solution, and a garden hose on a low-pressure setting to gently clean your bricks.
What’s the difference between repointing and tuckpointing?
- Repointing is the process of removing damaged mortar and replacing it with new mortar to restore the structural integrity of your masonry. Tuckpointing is a specific repointing method that involves using two colors of mortar – one that matches the bricks for the bulk of the joint, and a contrasting color for a thin ribbon down the center. This creates the illusion of very fine joints and enhances the aesthetic appeal of the brickwork.
How can I tell if my masonry needs to be repointed?
- If you notice crumbling, cracking, or widening gaps in your mortar, it may be time for repointing. A simple test is to try fitting a dime into the mortar gaps. If the dime fits, the gaps are wide enough to warrant repointing. However, it’s always best to have a professional assess your masonry to determine the extent of the damage and the best course of action.
Can I seal my masonry myself, or do I need to hire a professional?
- While it’s possible to apply masonry sealant yourself, it’s recommended to hire a professional. Proper application requires expertise and specialized equipment to ensure even coverage and optimal protection. A professional will also be able to recommend the best type of sealant for your specific masonry and climate.
What should I do if I notice masonry damage after a harsh winter?
- If you notice any new cracks, gaps, or spalling in your masonry after a harsh Ontario winter, schedule a professional inspection as soon as possible. Catching and repairing winter damage early can prevent more extensive and costly issues down the road. In the meantime, remove any snow accumulation from your masonry surfaces to prevent further moisture damage.

The Art of Masonry Restoration: Preserving Ontario’s Heritage Buildings

Posted by James on March 17, 2020

Ontario’s historic brick and stone buildings are a vital part of our architectural heritage. Over time, even the most well-constructed masonry deteriorates and requires skilled restoration to maintain its integrity and beauty. Unfortunately, not all masonry work is created equal. Inexperienced or poorly trained masons using improper techniques and materials can cause permanent damage to these important structures.

Understanding Our Responsibility

As experienced masons based in the Hamilton, Burlington, and Oakville regions, we believe we have a fiduciary duty to the owners of Ontario’s masonry buildings and to the art of masonry as it has been practiced for thousands of years. This duty involves preserving and restoring both historic and contemporary masonry structures using skills refined over centuries of experimentation and tradition.

Section of a brick wall needing restoration.

At Fix My Brick, we view masonry restoration as both a craft and a responsibility. Our commitment to upholding the highest standards ensures we protect and preserve the masonry buildings that make our communities unique.

The Importance of Proper Repointing

Repointing, the process of renewing the mortar between masonry units, is one of the most critical aspects of any restoration project. Deteriorated mortar joints are not only unsightly but also allow moisture to penetrate the masonry, leading to further damage from Ontario’s harsh freeze-thaw cycles.

To effectively repoint historic masonry, masons must have the knowledge and skill to:

Choose Compatible Mortar: Select a mortar that matches the original in strength, composition, and appearance to prevent damage and ensure a seamless repair.
Carefully Remove Deteriorated Mortar: Remove old mortar without damaging surrounding bricks, which requires precision and expertise.
Install New Mortar Correctly: Apply new mortar using techniques that ensure full contact and prevent moisture infiltration, maintaining the integrity of the structure.
Match Joint Profiles and Textures: Recreate the original style of the building by matching the joint profiles and textures, preserving its historic character.

Investing in Quality Masonry Restoration

Choosing a masonry contractor based on the lowest bid can be tempting, but the costs of improper restoration far outweigh any short-term savings. Masonry work that uses the wrong materials or techniques can trap moisture, leading to cracking, spalling, and structural issues that are expensive to fix. Poor workmanship also diminishes the appearance and historic character of the building.

When selecting a masonry restoration company, look for:

Extensive experience with historic buildings and traditional masonry techniques.
Knowledge of material properties and compatibility.
Understanding of Ontario’s unique climate conditions and their effects on masonry.
Commitment to quality workmanship and attention to detail.
Excellent references and examples of successful past projects.

At Fix My Brick, we pride ourselves on our masonry expertise, dedication to preserving Ontario’s built heritage, and ability to deliver exceptional results on every project. If you’re looking for skilled masons who will treat your building with the care and respect it deserves, contact us to discuss your restoration needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should I have my masonry building inspected?
- We recommend having your masonry inspected every 1-2 years to catch any deterioration early. Older or more complex buildings may require more frequent inspections.
What are the signs that my building needs repointing?
- Crumbling, cracked, or missing mortar; loose or spalling bricks; and moisture staining on interior walls are all indications that repointing is needed. If you notice any of these issues, contact a qualified masonry restoration professional to assess the extent of the damage.
Can I repoint my masonry myself?
- While some minor repointing tasks can be DIY projects, most masonry restoration work is best left to skilled professionals. Improper techniques or materials can cause further damage to your building.
How long does masonry restoration take?
- The timeline depends on the size and condition of your building, but most projects take several weeks to a few months. Your masonry contractor should provide an estimated schedule before beginning work.
Will repointing change the appearance of my building?
- A skilled mason will work to match the color, texture, and style of your original mortar joints for a seamless repair. In some cases, slightly mismatched repointing is preferable to show the history of the building.
How much does masonry restoration cost?
- Costs vary widely depending on the level of deterioration, accessibility, and materials needed. Always request a detailed quote from your masonry restoration contractor that breaks down the scope of work and associated costs. While quality restoration is an investment, it pays off in the long-term preservation and value of your property.

Concrete Bricks vs. Clay Bricks: Which is Better for Durability?

Posted by James on September 30, 2019

Clay Brick vs. Concrete Block

When compared to other forms of construction, the durability and resistance of masonry structures is seldom questioned. Masonry systems have stood the test of time, and rightfully earned a reputation for resilience against the elements. Considering even man-made perils, such as fire, masonry still consistently outperforms all other constructions; resisting against outright destruction which is characteristic of wood frame buildings, and outlasting the warping and ultimate collapse of steel-skeleton structures. Notwithstanding these irrefutable benefits, a masonry structure’s environmental and mechanical resistance will naturally vary and depend on the construction method and the materials employed.

Clay Brick

Undoubtedly one of the most fundamental and durable building materials ever invented, clay bricks have been used in construction for thousands of years. The method of construction and materials have been perfected over centuries, and the durability of clay brick is dependent on the following five factors:

1. The quality of the raw/fabrication material;
2. The manufacturing process and firing condition;
3. The resultant properties of the hardened brick;
4. The conditions to which the bricks were exposed since construction; and
5. The rate of maintenance and repair.

The naturally-occurring raw material known as raw clay consists of a complex mixture of minerals in varying proportions. Production begins with selection of the clay materials and ends with the firing of the clay units; with mixing, molding and drying occurring in between. Optimal proportions of sand, clay and water along with the drying and firing temperature are integral to the quality of the hardened brick.

The clay’s composition and the manufacturing process significantly affect the dimension and distribution of the brick’s pores which has a significant impact on its durability. Consequently, treatments to enhance durability after construction is reduced to acting on external conditions – as changing the brick’s composition post-production is not possible. Preventing the invasion of water in to the brick’s mass, controlling moisture and managing the brick’s salt content are the main methods of managing the brick’s exposure to harmful conditions and increasing its durability.

Concrete

Unlike clay brickwork, concrete block masonry is a relatively recent development which started being used as a building material in the mid-19th century. Concrete block walls provide sound structural resistance along with thermal and acoustic insulation all while accommodating for fast and easy installations – facilitated by the block’s precise unit measurements and modular characteristics.

Concrete blocks are composed of Portland cement, aggregates and water with production being highly automated in large industrial plants. The mix of materials is placed in a metallic mold, vibrated in to shape, and cured at an average temperature of 70°C for up to 18 hours. The durability of concrete block masonry is less dependant on externalities, and more on design and construction errors. While concrete can fall susceptible to things like efflorescence (the migration of salts from the interior to the surface material of the masonry) the effects are mainly aesthetic, and without compromise to structural integrity. Furthermore, pathologies can be prevented by deploying low-absorption blocks with high compressive strength and rebar protection.

While both concrete blocks and clay bricks can serve similar functions, skilled masons understand the inherent strengths and weaknesses which influence the conditions in which they are deployed.

Source: Ghiassi, Bahman, and Lourenc̦o Paulo B. Long-Term Performance and Durability of Masonry Structures: Degradation Mechanisms, Health Monitoring and Service Life Design. Woodhead Publishing, 2019.

Frequently Asked Questions:

What are the key differences between clay bricks and concrete blocks?
- Clay bricks are traditional building materials used for thousands of years, made from natural clay and fired in kilns. They offer excellent durability, aesthetic appeal, and moisture control. Concrete blocks are modern alternatives made from cement, aggregates, and water, known for their structural strength, thermal and acoustic insulation, and ease of installation.
How does the manufacturing process affect the durability of clay bricks and concrete blocks?
- The durability of clay bricks depends on the quality of clay, the firing temperature, and the manufacturing process, which influences their porosity and strength. For concrete blocks, the mix of materials and the curing process are crucial, impacting their compressive strength and resistance to environmental factors.
Can clay bricks and concrete blocks be used interchangeably in construction?
- While both can be used for building structures, the choice depends on specific project requirements such as load-bearing capacity, insulation needs, and aesthetic preferences. Clay bricks are preferred for their visual appeal and longevity, whereas concrete blocks are favored for structural projects requiring uniformity and quick installation.
What maintenance strategies enhance the durability of clay bricks?
- Maintaining clay bricks involves managing moisture through proper sealing, controlling salt content to prevent efflorescence, and regular inspections to assess any degradation. These steps help in prolonging the life and appearance of clay brick structures.
How can construction errors affect the longevity of concrete block structures?
- Construction errors like improper mixing ratios, inadequate curing, and poor installation techniques can lead to issues such as efflorescence and reduced structural integrity. Ensuring quality control during the construction process and using blocks with appropriate absorption and strength characteristics are vital.
What are some common pathologies in concrete blocks and how can they be prevented?
- Pathologies in concrete blocks often include efflorescence and moisture-related issues which are mainly aesthetic but can sometimes affect structural integrity. Using low-absorption blocks, ensuring proper rebar protection, and employing adequate waterproofing measures can prevent these problems

Hamilton’s Heritage: A Detailed Look at Its Famous Masonry Architecture

Posted by James on April 8, 2019

Along with Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Ontario is one of the original provinces, and in 1867 it formed part of the federated colony which was to become a sovereign nation. Although not known for its architectural qualities and still quite young compared to it’s global, sovereign confederates, Ontario is home to some of Canada’s oldest and most unique structures.

Among these historic and celebrated structures is Dundurn Castle, the 18,000 square-foot neoclassical mansion located on York Boulevard in Hamilton Ontario. The castle was raised over a period of 3 years -ending in 1835 – and its construction costs totaled $175,000; equivalent today to over $6,000,000. Established at the former site of a British military encampment, the castle’s heritage and stunning masonry façade overlooks the city of Hamilton, while the back graciously faces Burlington Bay.

Hamilton’s masonry marvel is situated on grounds which feature many historically and architecturally significant structures; their heritage value lying in their Italianate, Gothic revival and Classical style design and in the prominent politician and businessman, Sir Alan Napier MacNab for whom they were built. The prominent and picturesque qualities of the buildings and landscape include the 19th century front entrance gates which were originally imported from England and the stone pillars which were cut from the Dundas Mountain.

Purchased by the city of Hamilton in 1900 and receiving a significant investment for the renovation of its brick construction, the castle’s halls and rooms along with their characteristic panoramic views are now open to the public.

Hamilton’s ancient architectural implications extend to the English Gothic style St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church: designed by one of the founders of the Canadian architectural profession, William Thomas. Receiving his architectural training in England, the Anglo-Canadian architect was renowned for designing some of the finest decorated Gothic Revival architecture in Canada. St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church – erected over the years from 1854 to 1857 – boasts a spire that now towers over neighboring structures at 180 feet, and the church holds the title for the highest steeple sculpted entirely out of stone in Canada.

Features like the cut-stone masonry and meticulously-proportioned buttresses which reinforce the corners of the tower contribute to preserving its provincial and municipal heritage. With most of the church’s grey limestone being sourced from Hamilton’s quarries, it is regarded as one of Hamilton’s finest masonry buildings, and was federally designated as a National Historic Site in Canada.

Hamilton’s lands bear some of Ontario’s richest stone-cut masonry formations, dating back to the early days of Canadian settlement, and confederation. With many locations being designated as National Historic Sites, the city has dedicated considerable resources to maintain, repair and restore its historically significant masonry structures.

Frequently Asked Questions:

What is Dundurn Castle and why is it significant?
- Dundurn Castle is an 18,000 square-foot neoclassical mansion built in 1835 in Hamilton, Ontario. It is significant for its architectural style, historical heritage, and its connection to Sir Alan Napier MacNab, a prominent Canadian politician and businessman.
How much did it cost to build Dundurn Castle, and what would that be equivalent to today?
- The construction of Dundurn Castle cost $175,000 in the 1830s, which is equivalent to over $6,000,000 today, reflecting its grandeur and historical importance.
What architectural styles are prominent in Hamilton’s historic structures?
- Hamilton’s historic structures feature a variety of architectural styles, including Italianate, Gothic Revival, and Classical, each contributing to the city’s rich architectural heritage.
What is unique about St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church in Hamilton?
- St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church is renowned for having the highest steeple made entirely of stone in Canada and is a prime example of English Gothic Revival architecture designed by William Thomas, a pioneer in Canadian architecture.
How are Hamilton’s historic buildings preserved?
- Many of Hamilton’s historic buildings are federally designated as National Historic Sites and undergo regular maintenance, repair, and restoration to preserve their structural integrity and historical value.
Why are Hamilton’s historic masonry buildings important to Canadian heritage?
- Hamilton’s masonry buildings are important to Canadian heritage due to their historical significance, architectural beauty, and their role in representing early Canadian settlement and confederation, making them key sites of national pride and historical education.

Author: James

From common to not-so-common, we’ve got you covered. Need help fixing your bricks? We’re here!

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How Bad is the Brick?

How to Complete a Minor Brick Repair

Removing and Replacing a Brick

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Removing the Brick

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2. How Much Does Brick Repair Cost in Canada?

3. Brick Repair vs. Brick Restoration – What’s The Difference?

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Final Thoughts

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What You’ll Need

How to Replace a Paver Brick

How to Repair Cracks in a Concrete Patio

What You’ll Need

How to Fix a Crack in Concrete

19 Ideas to Make Your Patio Look Like New

1. Clear out the weeds.

2. Use a concrete resurfacer.

3. Address minor damage.

4. Give it a good wash.

5. Add shade.

6. Add a pergola.

7. Get some greenery.

8. Add more color.

9. Find an outdoor rug.

10. Paint your concrete.

11. Use deck flooring.

12. Add a border.

13. Repair old furniture.

14. Get new furniture.

15. Add outdoor cushions.

16. Hang lights.

17. Add a small fountain.

18. Get a fire pit.

19. Put up torches.

Final Thoughts

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. Brick is a classic material that will never go out of style.

2. Brick is durable and long-lasting.

3. Brick repair can be completed quickly, with minimal disruption to your daily routine.

4. Brick is easy to maintain and clean.

5. Brick adds value to your home and can increase its resale value.

6. Brick is energy-efficient and can help reduce your energy bills.

7. Brick is environmentally friendly and sustainable.

8. Brick is non-toxic and safe for children and pets.

9. Brick can be used in a variety of home improvement projects.

Frequently Asked Questions:

What is a Retaining Wall and How Does it Work?

Gravity Retaining Walls

Reinforced Retaining Walls

Sheet Piling Retaining Walls